Statistics
In various countries of the world, the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi and lung is at a high level. The main share in the group of these diseases is lung cancer (99.6%). Primary neoplasms of the trachea are rare. The incidence of malignant neoplasms of the lungs across countries has two to threefold differences. In many European countries, morbidity rates range from 20-30 per 100,000 inhabitants. Indicators exceeding these values were recorded in Denmark (39.2), Poland (38.0), Netherlands (37.2). The North American continent has high levels of high incidence rates in both the US (38.4) and Canada (37.9). Belarus is part of a group of countries with an average incidence rate in Europe, which differs little from the Baltic and Russian countries, but 1.5 times lower, Than in neighboring Poland. In most countries of the world, men significantly (3 times or more) are more likely to contract lung tumors than women, but this pattern is not observed in all countries. Exceptions are the Netherlands, Denmark, the United States and Canada, where the prevalence of men is 1.1-1.4 times, and Sweden, where the incidence of sex is practically the same. In Belarus and neighboring countries, the greatest (7-10 times) differences in the incidence of men and women are revealed, and the largest - are observed in our country. From the characteristics of international statistics it is important to note that in all countries the ratio of mortality to morbidity is high, which indicates the existing problems of radical treatment of tumors of this localization. The range of fluctuations of these indicators from 72.3% in France to 89.6% - in Russia. At the same time, Belarus has comparable results with many European countries (71.2%). It is important to note that according to the predicted data of GLOBOCAN 2012, the ratio of these indicators for Belarus was expected to be much higher than for the updated information of the registry register, which is explained by the increased effectiveness of treatment and the expansion of indications for its use over the past 10 years. Currently, in the structure of malignant neoplasms of Belarus lung cancer is 9.1%, among men - 15.9%, and among women - 2.4%. The most common tumors affect the upper and lower lobes (42.6% and 23.1%). Which is explained by the increase in the effectiveness of treatment and the expansion of indications for its use over the past 10 years. Currently, in the structure of malignant neoplasms of Belarus lung cancer is 9.1%, among men - 15.9%, and among women - 2.4%. The most common tumors affect the upper and lower lobes (42.6% and 23.1%). Which is explained by the increase in the effectiveness of treatment and the expansion of indications for its use over the past 10 years. Currently, in the structure of malignant neoplasms of Belarus lung cancer is 9.1%, among men - 15.9%, and among women - 2.4%. The most common tumors affect the upper and lower lobes (42.6% and 23.1%).
Esophageal carcinoma
Among the various countries of the world, the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the esophagus is relatively rare. The incidence rates of countries range from 2.2 - 2.3 in Poland, Estonia and Finland to 6.3 - 6.6 in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Belarus is included in the group of countries with a relatively low incidence. In all countries, there are significant differences in the incidence of sex, men are much more likely to be affected by this disease than women (2-3 times more often in Denmark and 11-14 times more often in Ukraine and Belarus). From the features of international statistics it is important to note that in all countries the ratio of mortality to morbidity is very high, which indicates the seriousness of the problem of radical treatment of malignant neoplasms of the esophagus. According to the Belarusian Candidate Register, the indicator was 71, 9% and was close to the level of Switzerland (68.4%), Germany (65.7%) and France (76.3%). In many other countries this ratio exceeds 85% (Estonia - 100%, Denmark - 105.1%). Currently, the incidence rate of all malignant neoplasms in Belarus is 1.2%. Most often affects the middle and lower third of the esophagus (45.5% and 27.3%).
